R10 - Customer Advises Originator is Not Known to Receiver and/or Originator is Not Authorized by Receiver to Debit Receiver's Account
The consumer tells their bank they do not recognise the Originator at all, or never authorized it to debit them. This is the core consumer 'unauthorized' return and is the closest ACH equivalent of a card chargeback.
R10 - Customer Advises Originator is Not Known to Receiver and/or Originator is Not Authorized by Receiver to Debit Receiver's Account
The consumer tells their bank they do not recognise the Originator at all, or never authorized it to debit them. This is the core consumer 'unauthorized' return and is the closest ACH equivalent of a card chargeback. This rejection is final: resubmitting the same payment will fail again — resolve the underlying situation first.
What this code means
The consumer tells their bank they do not recognise the Originator at all, or never authorized it to debit them. This is the core consumer 'unauthorized' return and is the closest ACH equivalent of a card chargeback.
Typical causes
- Genuine fraud or stolen bank details
- Originator's trading name on the statement is unrecognisable to the customer (friendly fraud)
- Authorization was never properly captured or retained
What to do
Do not reinitiate. Requires a Written Statement of Unauthorized Debit from the consumer. Counts toward Nacha's 0.5% unauthorized-return threshold, which is the threshold most likely to get an Originator terminated.
What it looks like in an ACH return
The return arrives as an Addenda Record (type 99), 94 characters wide. The return reason code sits in positions 4-6.
799R10091000010000001 09100001 091000019000001Tools for this code
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Related codes
Source: Nacha ISO 20022 mapping guide + Federal Reserve ACH Return Reason Report + US Treasury Green Book · Last verified: 2026-07-13
Checked against: nacha.org · frbservices.org · nacha.org